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Asides from the main Asteroid Belt, there are Trojan Asteroids - what are these and where are they located?

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A Trojan Asteroid is defined by the Swinburne University Astro page "Trojan Asteroids" as:

Asteroids sharing an orbit with a planet, but which are located at the leading (L4) and trailing (L5) Lagrangian points.

These are often divided into 'leading' and 'trailing', as per the diagram below (from the source linked above):

Trojan orbits

Even though the term Trojan asteroid is often associated with the 4800 or so that lead and follow Jupiter, it actually applies to any asteroid that displays this behaviour, associated with any planet.

There are numerous Trojans co-orbiting with Mars and Neptune. Recently, single Trojans have been found co-orbiting Uranus and even Earth.

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  • $\begingroup$ L5 is the Sun–Earth Lagrangian point located close to the Earth's orbit 60° behind Earth. Asteroid 2010 SO16, in a horseshoe companion orbit with Earth, is currently proximal to L5 but at a high inclination. $\endgroup$
    – bandybabboon
    Sep 28, 2015 at 21:04

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