What is the proper terminology for when a satellite or spaceship passes into a planet's shadow or night side? Is it crossing the terminator? Passing into eclipse? If there is a different name for coming back into the light, what would that be as well?
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$\begingroup$ In Space Exploration SE this is often called an eclipse, and I think that term is used in the profession as well. For example see How to calculate GEO (geostationary) satellite eclipse time? and How large would be the seasonal variation of eclipse duration for a spacecraft in LEO? and How often does a geostationary satellite enter into a Lunar shadow? $\endgroup$ – uhoh Dec 28 '19 at 14:01
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$\begingroup$ and How can I calculate if a satellite is currently in sunlight or eclipse using pyEphem or Skyfield (preferred)? I think it might be good to ask this in that site rather than this one, since the question is not so much about the field of Astronomy as it is about spacecraft technology. If asked there, it might be good to ask if there are other terms besides eclipse. $\endgroup$ – uhoh Dec 28 '19 at 14:01
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2$\begingroup$ It has been recommended to migrate this question to Space Exploration since it has an answer. How do I do this? $\endgroup$ – Trevortni Dec 28 '19 at 23:28
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$\begingroup$ Hi @Trevortni thanks for your comment. Stack Exchange has a system for this. At the moment there's just one vote to close as "off-topic" (mine). (screenshot: i.stack.imgur.com/e44xd.png) I'm not sure if you can also vote to close as off-topic but if you can then that can help. It takes five, but at any time if a moderator decides to intervene it can happen more quickly. I think in the next day or so it will all get sorted out. Don't worry, you didn't do anything incorrect, you just posted in Space because you felt it was a better site (and it is) and didn't know about cross-posting. $\endgroup$ – uhoh Dec 29 '19 at 2:03
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$\begingroup$ @uhoh The other question has been closed, so now this one should be able to be migrated, right? $\endgroup$ – Trevortni Jul 31 '20 at 18:06
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SUMMARY: The word is 'eclipse'
If you visit https://www.skyandtelescope.com/observing/a-jupiter-almanac/ and click on "Phenomena of Jupiter's Moons in 2018" you get to https://s22380.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/WebJphenTab2018.pdf . The latter document refers to such events as "an eclipse by Jupiter's shadow".
Since Sky and Telescope is a fairly reliable source, I'd say this is a good answer, though an answer from NASA or IAU would be better.
Note that it is also a lunar eclipse as viewed from Jupiter and a solar eclipse as viewed from the moon being shadowed.
I realize you're talking about Earth's artificial satellites, and this answer involves Jupiter's natural satellites, but I think the same terminology applies.
I happen to be working on Jovian lunar eclipse calculations and ran across this resource incidentally.
