# Get the expression of probed volume between 2 redshifts

1) I can't manage to find/justify the relation (1) below, from the common relation (2) of a volume.

2) It seems the variable r is actually the comoving distance and not comoving coordinates (with scale factor R(t) between both).

The comoving volume of a region covering a solid angle $$\Omega$$ between two redshifts $$z_{\mathrm{i}}$$ and $$z_{\mathrm{f}},$$is given by

$$V\left(z_{\mathrm{i}}, z_{\mathrm{f}}\right)=\Omega \int_{z_{\mathrm{i}}}^{z_{\mathrm{f}}} \frac{r^{2}(z)}{\sqrt{1-\kappa r^{2}(z)}} \frac{c \mathrm{d} z}{H(z)}\quad\quad(1)$$

for a spatially flat universe $$\kappa=0)$$ the latter becomes

$$V\left(z_{\mathrm{i}}, z_{\mathrm{f}}\right)=\Omega \int_{r\left(z_{\mathrm{i}}\right)}^{r\left(z_{\mathrm{f}}\right)} r^{2} \mathrm{d} r=\frac{\Omega}{3}\left[r^{3}\left(z_{\mathrm{f}}\right)-r^{3}\left(z_{\mathrm{i}}\right)\right] \quad\quad(2)$$

I would like to demonstrate it from the comoving distance with :

$$D_{\mathrm{A}}(z)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll} {(1+z)^{-1} \frac{c}{H_{0}} \frac{1}{\sqrt{\left|\Omega_{\mathrm{K}, 0}\right|}} \sin \left[\sqrt{\left|\Omega_{\mathrm{K}, 0}\right|} \frac{H_{0}}{c} r(z)\right],} & {\text { if } \Omega_{\mathrm{K}, 0}<0} \\ {(1+z)^{-1} r(z),} & {\text { if } \Omega_{\mathrm{K}, 0}=0} \\ {(1+z)^{-1} \frac{c}{H_{0}} \frac{1}{\sqrt{\Omega_{\mathrm{K}, 0}}} \sinh \left[\sqrt{\Omega_{\mathrm{K}, 0}} \frac{H_{0}}{c} r(z)\right]} & {\text { if } \Omega_{\mathrm{K}, 0}>0} \end{array}\right.$$

UPDATE 1: It's been a long time that I posted this question.

I recently took over this isssue and I have done little progress, at least I think.

The FLRW metric can be expressed under following (0,2) tensor form :

$$\left[\begin{array}{cccc}1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & -\frac{R^{2}(t)}{1-k r^{2}} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & -R^{2}(t) r^{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & -R^{2}(t) r^{2} \sin ^{2} \theta\end{array}\right]$$

If I consider only slice times constant, my goal is to compute the volume probeb by a satellite between 2 redshifts.

1. We can easily find that :

$$\int_{0}^{z_0}\frac{cdz}{H(z)} = \int_{0}^{t_0}\frac{cdt}{R(t)}$$

1. Then, If I consider a volume with $$\text{d}r$$, $$\text{d}\theta$$ and $$\text{d}\phi$$ coordinates, I have the following expression for determinant :

$$g=\text{det}[g_{ij}] = -\dfrac{R(t)^6}{1-kr^2}\,r^4\,\text{sin}^2\theta$$

Which means that I have :

$$\text{d}V=\sqrt{-g}\text{d}^3x = \dfrac{R(t)^3}{\sqrt{1-kr^2}}\,r^2\,\text{d}r\text{sin}\theta\,\text{d}\theta\, \text{d}\phi$$

$$V=\int\text{d}V= \int \dfrac{R(t)^3}{\sqrt{1-kr^2}}\,r^2\,\text{d}r\text{sin}\theta\,\text{d}\theta\, \text{d}\phi$$

$$V = \int \text{d}\Omega \int \dfrac{R(t)^3}{\sqrt{1-kr^2}}\,r^2\,\text{d}r$$

$$\rightarrow\quad V = \Omega \int \dfrac{R(t)^3}{\sqrt{1-kr^2}}\,r^2\,\text{d}r$$

with $$\Omega$$ the solid angle considered.

But as you can see, I am far away from the expression $$(1)$$ that I would like to find, i.e :

$$V\left(z_{\mathrm{i}}, z_{\mathrm{f}}\right)=\Omega \int_{z_{\mathrm{i}}}^{z_{\mathrm{f}}} \frac{r^{2}(z)}{\sqrt{1-\kappa r^{2}(z)}} \frac{c \mathrm{d} z}{H(z)}\quad\quad(1)$$

EDIT : Maybe I have found a partial explanation to my issue to determine the expresion of this volume between 2 redshifts. Here below a formula :

The main expression to keep in mind is :

$$d V_{C}=D_{H} \frac{(1+z)^{2} D_{A}^{2}}{E(z)} d \Omega d z\quad(3)$$

1. Could anyone explain me please the different justifications to introduce all the factors implied in this expression ?

2. I have not yet with this expression the same expression (1) at the beginning of my post, so could anyone manage to find (1) from (3) ?

Any help would be fine, I am stucked for the moment.

• Don't cross-post. Pick one SE for your question. – ProfRob Jul 23 '20 at 20:02
• @RobJeffries . Okay but I don't know which one to use, actually, the issue is about astrophysics/cosmology but given the fact that I can't get answer on physics exchange, I have put it here in the hope to get help. What do you advise me to do ? – youpilat13 Jul 23 '20 at 20:30