Brightness of the lunar disk varies as a function of phase angle. This phenomenon is very well established, as is the increase in brightness at low phase angles. Is there a simple analytical formula that describes this function? It looks like brightness could be modeled as an exponential as a function of phase angle, modulo the opposition surge. Thanks. EDIT: I realize that these effects depend on the wavelength of the reflected light. I'm looking for an average curve, though. ![Lunar brightness curve, pointing out the opposition surge][1] [1]: https://i.sstatic.net/CNcmj.gif