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Questions regarding models proposed that can solve problems.

1 vote
0 answers
36 views

Does the Schwarzschild metric solution require two (A and B, or g11 and g44) or four compone...

Different places on the web imply that Schwarzschild's metric uses four components or separate equations, similar to how Einstein's full set requires 6 or 10, or they say only two are needed. Is it 2 …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
  • 5,585
2 votes
1 answer
888 views

What is the 'scale factor' equation for a dark-matter dominated universe?

The Friedmann equations can be solved exactly in presence of a perfect fluid with equation of state $${\displaystyle p=w\rho c^{2}} \qquad p=w\rho c^2$$ where ${\displaystyle p}$ is the pressure, ${\d …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
  • 5,585
-2 votes
1 answer
846 views

What does 's' or 'ds' or $ds^2$ mean in the Schwarzschild equation(s)? [closed]

And: These are from Wikipedia on Schwarzschild metric, Derivation of the Schwarzschild metric and the last is from Science Direct, Schwarzschild metric.
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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4 votes
1 answer
130 views

Can a star be massive enough to go 'supernova' yet not be massive enough to leave behind a n...

From what I understand, stars that explode as a supernova at the end of their lives become either a black hole or a neutron star, and less massive stars that do not explode become white dwarves, but.. …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
52 views

Why does Titan's (relatively) rapid migration away from Saturn cause the planet to wobble fa...

Over the past year and a half, multiple articles in the popular press have come out talking about how unexpectedly rapidly Titan is moving away from Saturn, and how this is causing Saturn to wobble mo …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
58 views

What is the relation between size (radius) of an astronomical object and the speed of oscill...

From the year-end issue of New Scientist Magazine (Dec. 18-31,2021): Astronomy: 'Space Cow' explosion was probably a failed supernova' Page 10: 'They found that the strength of this radiation oscill …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
183 views

Do Einstein's ten field equations use 20 or 40 variables? (2 or 4 for each tensor equation?)

One site I came across says Einstein's 10 Field Equations use 20 variables, while another said 40. There are four variables in spacetime - three for space and one for time, right? But there are two in …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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2 votes

In 'Modified gravity' theories like MOND, are galaxies and stars actually, slowly accelerati...

As @PeterErwin's comment compassionately points out: "Acceleration" means changing the velocity vector, so an object in a circular orbit is always "accelerating" (because the direction of the velocit …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
33 views

How can scientists deduce the number of types of neutrinos, or 'effective number', from Plan...

Is it related to the way they deduce the Hubble constant from Planck data? Would more types of oscillating and mixing neutrinos mean faster or slower expansion of the universe? Would a fourth mass eig …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
108 views

Why are WIMP dark matter particles, if Majorana-like, expected to annihilate upon contact? B...

I have heard a lot recently about so-called 'dark stars'; stars that are formed with the help of the gravitational pull of dark matter, or perhaps entirely from self-annihilating Majorana-type dark pa …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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4 votes
2 answers
639 views

How can a black hole merger create a black hole with an event horizon surface area larger th...

Many popular and professional science sites said something about Stephen Hawking's black hole area theorem being proven observationally, finally, not just mathematically, to 95% confidence. For exampl …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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2 votes
3 answers
732 views

How can Kerr black holes have a 'speed limit' to how fast they can spin?

Obviously, the speed of light is a presumed limit, at least for 'physical' objects moving 'within' ('through'?) spacetime, but... In recent news some scientists believe they have figured out the appro …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
89 views

In 'Modified gravity' theories like MOND, are galaxies and stars actually, slowly accelerati...

In the Modified Theory of Newtonian Gravity or MOND, they say that massive objects, accelerating slowly, experience this modified gravity. But are they actually gaining in velocity, albeit very slowly …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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17 votes
1 answer
3k views

Why do cosmologists assume that inflation began shortly after the Big Bang, rather than at t...

Somehow, I have never come across an explanation of why cosmologists claim that the alleged inflation of the very early universe occurred not at the Big Bang, but very shortly afterwards (~10^-36 to 1 …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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12 votes
4 answers
6k views

How can a black hole have a charge, or be charged?

So-called 'hairless' black holes (no-hair theory, or theorem?) , which is what real black holes are, can be described by just three characteristics: Mass, spin, and charge. It is easy enough to contem …
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
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