# Questions tagged [universe]

Questions regarding all of time and space and its contents.

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### Bounded Observable Universe; is there an object we once could see but can no longer? [duplicate]

If the universe is expanding faster than the speed of light, then there will be objects (matter or energy or whatever) that previously could be seen, but no longer can be seen, precisely because the ...
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### Bounded Observable Universe and General Relativity

The book General Relativity for Mathematicians by Sachs and Wu defines a "spacetime" as a connected 4-dimensional, oriented and time oriented Lorentzian manifold. I emphasize the word "connected." ...
86 views

### What is the composition of the Universe in terms of Types Of Stars?

There are Main Sequence Stars Red Giants White Dwarfs Red Dwarfs Neutron Stars and other types of Stars. How many % of stars are Main Sequence? How many are Red Giants? and so on. I searched ...
104 views

### Will the “fabric of space time” rip from expansion?

I'm quite familiar with the fabric of space time theory and as I've been quite lonely these past few weeks, I started thinking that since the universe is expanding and since the "fabric" is the ...
75 views

### Is it be correct to say that we live in a young (only 14 billion years old) universe?

From what I have read, it seems that our universe is expected to function more or less as it does now for some $10^{12}$ years, possibly more. If that is correct, our universe's current age of $14$ ...
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### what is the acceleration parameter in a universe?

Obtain the value of the acceleration parameter in a universe, including cosmological radiation and constant. what is the exactly acceleration parameter in a universe means ?
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### How do we measure the age of the universe?

As mentioned in wiki/Age_of_the_universe, The current measurement of the age of the universe is around 13.8 billion years (as of 2015) – 13.799±0.021 billion years When my friend who is not from ...
93 views

### Will the Heat Death scenario ever occur or just the Big Freeze?

According to the Wikipedia page regarding the ultimate fate of the universe, heat death is a different scenario than the big freeze. It states that in the big freeze, temperature will asymptotically ...
57 views

### Why is rotational motion absolute, is the universe spinning? [duplicate]

When considering any object, one can say its translational movement is relative, depending on the point of view or reference frame adopted. If it moves at 1/4c relative to some observer, one might say ...
77 views

### If a black hole pulls every object in the universe, why there is a light around it?

I've seen some black hole images and I've seen some movies about it e.g(interstellar). I wonder why it has a light around it. Even if I know that light can't escape through it. Can someone enlighten ...
140 views

### The Matter Anti Matter Asymmetry

The matter anti matter asymmetry is still a mystery that still can't be explained. But what if there wasn't an asymmetry? Isn't it possible that there was exactly equal amounts of matter and anti ...
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### Is the Big Bounce Theory valid? If so does that mean all this have happened before?

IF the universe is just an infinite loop of events from expanding to contracting does that mean all this has happened before? The initial conditions for the next big bang would (or rather could) be ...
40 views

### What book(s) should I read to get started learning about astronomy? [duplicate]

I'm an undergrad software engineer but I also love physics and math. I'm starting to get going in AI/Machine Learning techniques and I'm going to use NASA data-sets to conduct analysis. However, I am ...
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### Why does the star formation rate correlate with the total stellar mass in star forming galaxies?

The so-called "Main Sequence" of star-forming galaxies (e.g., Brinchmann et al. 2004; Noeske et al. 2007) clearly points to a linear relation between the stellar mass of galaxies and their star ...
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### How do astrophysicists handle the topic 'boundaries'?

The naive perception, at least mine, is that in astrophysics the objects of investigation evolve in an infinitely large environment. Since the scenery is so much larger than the events unfolding in it,...
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### How is the Dating of Samples of Cosmic Objects Performed, Including Pre-Solar Dust?

In the new Space.com article 7 billion-year-old stardust is oldest material found on Earth I had read about some pre-solar grains dating back to 7 billion years. What techniques are used in ...
119 views

### Does a flat universe mean not finite and circular?

I am trying to wrap my head around what a flat universe means; Trying to imagine why angles of triangles in spherical volumes are different. Because my brain can't do that well and I became a bit ...
53 views

### Any theories about universal expansion due to action at the universal event horizon?

I'm curious if there are any theories about the increasing rate of the expansion of the universe that are centered around gravitational pull from matter outside the event horizon of either the ...
113 views

### Anecdote of an astronomer looking for correlations in antipodal pairings of stars; what am I remembering?

The question Are the stars distributed in uniform distribution, on the celestial dome, with respect to brightness? brings to mind a different study that I vaguely remember hearing about a while ago, ...
331 views

### Why the space is so dark even there are billions of stars and many quasars emitting light [duplicate]

In our galaxy itself, there are millions of stars, and there are many more other galaxies in our local group and billions in the observable universes. For sure they all emit a lot of light, still why ...
54 views

### 24th Nov 2019.0515 hrs.GMT +1.saw a line of stars moving in a staright line.straight.what could it be? [duplicate]

While doing our morning navigation watch.. we saw stars moving in line.. it continued for atleast 10 mins.. not a airplane or shooting stars.. Can it be satellites orbiting??
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### What makes the planets to be symmetric [closed]

I have seen, in my text books, and on nasa sites, the all the planets are symmetrical. And universe also love symmetry. What cause this symmetry, why the symmetry is important. As we know that ...
223 views

### Based off of the study that found the universe has a positive curvature, how big would the whole universe be?

This study found that the universe has a positive curvature https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-019-0906-9. I didn't really want to buy it and see if it says how big the universe might be. I know ...
159 views

### How do we know so many details about Big Bang, but we do not know if Universe is finite/infinite?

I understand that this question may be too vague, but I am confused about the following: On one hand we know a lot of "details" about Big Bang, like really precise details, evolution of universe, age ...
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### What is the largest cluster of merging galaxies?

Reading about the Andromeda–Milky Way collision, a galactic collision predicted to occur in about 4.5 billion years between the two galaxies, I went to the galaxy merger page and Wikipedia states that ...
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### how are the celestial objects measured? [closed]

So I am guessing that chemical composition of the starts is measured using the spectrum analysis of waves emitted by them. But what if the spectrum is super packed by different wave lengths? How do ...
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### The energy density of DM (to be fluid,state parameter=-2)increases with time. Does it violate the concept of accelerating universe?

We know that dark energy with value of state parameter $\omega<-1$ is called phantom dark energy model. In this model if we assume dark energy to be a fluid with value of state parameter $\omega=-2$...
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### Do we know what happens at the boundary of the universe, what are some theories about it? [duplicate]

Do we know what happens at the boundary of the universe, what are some theories about it? Does space time differ at the boundary? Do things become larger at the boundary? Do the trajectories curve and ...
10k views

### Is there a star over my head?

Say I'm standing up straight, and I draw a straight line from my core through the top of my head (perpendicular to the ground). What is the probability that that line intersects with a star? EDIT: I'...
210 views

### Does the universe curve in on itself?

I've read a little bit about the universe, but its not clear to me if there is a place in the universe beyond which there are no stars. For example, is there anywhere in the universe that one could ...
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### Probability of collision of another bubble universe with our universe

This is rephrased from a previous question and expanding on it. Considering the model of an "inflating" universe which extends infinitely in past (and possibly future) time, constantly creating new ...
159 views

### Is the eventual heat death of the universe due to the expansion of the universe?

I am reading about the accelerating expansion of the universe and something struck me. The observation that things further away were accelerating away faster and that early observations made it look ...
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### Energy to expand

I do have a small question, which may seem a bit stupid but we are all here to learn. Anyways my question is: Is the universe expanding using the energy it had from the Big Bang? if so what would ...
153 views

### Could the Universe really be 12.5-13 billion years old?

My initial reaction is that "this must be wrong" and apparently that's a lot of people's initial reaction according to the article. https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/universe-may-be-billion-years-...
129 views

### What is the effect of this expanding universe on the energy density of it?

We know that our universe is expanding i.e. volume of the universe is getting larger with time with total energy being conserved. My question is whether the energy density is getting smaller with ...
166 views

### Observable universe equals its Schwarzschild radius (event horizon)?

The estimated age of the universe is 14 billion years. The estimated Schwarzschild radius (event horizon) of the observable universe is 14 billion light-years. What are the ramifications?
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### How can cosmological bubble universes “collide” with each other?

In Eternal Inflation Theory, there exists the idea of multiple "bubble" Universes that grow and according to this theory, can "collide" with each other. The paper suggests that you can search for ...
125 views

### Does the expansion of the universe increase with distance?

I read something in a book the other day which has gotten me really confused. They were talking about the expansion of the universe, and if I understood it all, they said that the expansion of the ...
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### Invisible Mass Affecting the Expansion of the Universe

Are there enough neutrinos & other invisible particles in a cubic light year of space to significantly affect the expansion of the universe,& at a very rough estimate without taking into ...
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### how to define the universe itself is expanding greater than than the speed of light?

since we observe galaxies and other steller objects in very tiny tiny scale, and how we can understand that the speed of expansion on universe is higher than the speed of light ? even using the ...
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### What covers the outside of the Universe? [closed]

Is the Universe a sphere with water or ice surrounding its' confinement? Are there any theories that imply the Universe being confined within a sphere of water/ice material?
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### Are there ways to estimate size of the “whole universe”?

Words escape me, but by "whole universe" (I think) I mean everything that's spatially connected to the observable universe in a conventional sense. If there is a better term for it, please let me know!...
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### Have we measured or found evidence of a detectable origin point of the big bang? [duplicate]

Based on reading the wiki page of the big bang, a simple question with a probably not a simple answer came to mind. The statement on the wikipedia page was. Since Georges Lemaître first noted in ...
50 views

### Universe as 3D projective space? [closed]

Is there any benefit to view the 3D (real) universe as 3D projective space?
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### If objects don't move when the universe expands, how can the expansion result in redshift?

I am approaching this topic from a layman's perspective and view this as a logic puzzle, but when someone tries to get me to accept the logic, I'm never convinced by their arguments. According to ...
105 views

### Did universe have finite hydrogen

According to this video stars at end of time and many others on fate of universe they all agree on one thing that stars will eventually convert all the hydrogen into heavier elements and eventually ...
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### As the Universe expands, do things like planets expand also, or just the space in between?

Just what the question says. As the universe expands, and space expands, do objects like planets ever expand? Does the space INSIDE of those objects expand?
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### Looking at the Expanding Universe through the lens of relativity [closed]

The basis and most observable metric for how the universe is understood to be expanding at an accelerating rate is the red shift in observable light. I am assuming it has been thought about or maybe ...