Any idea about the design of new better telescope having small length of diameter and having more resolving power.
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1$\begingroup$ This is a very unclear question. $\endgroup$– ProfRobCommented Apr 11, 2018 at 16:26
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$\begingroup$ Please see Hubble Deep Fields (spacetelescope.org) and then edit your question to ask about specific topics needing more explanation. $\endgroup$– Mike GCommented Apr 11, 2018 at 18:19
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It's a large reflecting telescope, which is more effective than the more familiar lens telescope. Also, in space, less stabilization is needed. As long as the rotation is very close to zero, Hubble will stay pointed at the same tiny part of the sky, even as it orbits the Earth.
It also avoids atmospheric distortion and light pollution because it's outside of the Earth's atmosphere. In addition to that, a lot of the images taken by Hubble are timed exposure and digitally put together. It'll looks at the same part of the sky for several hours to get the best possible image. One of the more clever things they tried with Hubble is they pointed it at empty space, a region where they'd never seen anything and Hubble saw lots of galaxies - Hubble Deep Field.
It's been in orbit since 1990, so, even if it takes several hours to take many of it's images, it's been operational for nearly a quarter of a million hours and counting. That works out to a lot of images.
I invite additions if I skipped over any key points.
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$\begingroup$ Should the telescope continuously rotate to point a target or a target region? How this is achieved? $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 11, 2018 at 17:57
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$\begingroup$ @Alchimista Continuous rotation is only needed on a planet that is rotating with respect to the sky. Since Hubble is in space, it doesn't have to worry about that. $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 11, 2018 at 17:59
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$\begingroup$ But hubble does orbit Earth. Obviously it cannot pinpoint even a far fixed object if not adjusted. It makes an orbit in something about 90 minutes @Donald.McLean◆ $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 11, 2018 at 18:03
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1$\begingroup$ Hubble orbits the Earth, Earth orbits the sun and the sun flies through the Milky way, but all of those motions work out to being largely irrelevant because the things it points at are so far away. It's like driving in a car and looking at a mountain in the distance. The mountain doesn't move much. What matters is eliminating rotation. Motion isn't a problem. $\endgroup$– userLTKCommented Apr 11, 2018 at 18:18